PASSIVE VOICEVOZ PASIVA

PRESENTE I am seen, soy visto you are seen, eres visto he is seen, es visto we are seen, somos vistos you are seen, sois vistos they are seen, son vistos	PASADO I was seen, fui visto you were seen, fuiste visto he was seen, fue visto we were seen, fuimos vistos you were seen, fuisteis vistos they were seen, fueron vistos
PRETERITO PERFECTO I have been seen, he sido visto you have been seen, has sido visto he has been seen, ha sido visto we have been seen, hemos sido vistos you have been seen, habéis sido vistos they have been seen, han sido vistos	FUTURO I shall be seen, seré visto you will be seen, serás visto he will be seen, será visto we shall be seen, seremos vistos you will be seen, seréis vistos they will be seen, serán vistos

PRETERITO PLUSCUAMPERFECTO:   I had been seen, había sido visto

CONDICIONAL:   I should be seen, sería visto

FUTURO PERFECTO:   I shall have been seen, habré sido visto

CONDICIONAL PERFECTO:   I should have been seen, habría sido visto

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE VOICE

1. La voz pasiva se forma con el verbo to be conjugado más el participio del verbo principal. En inglés es mucho más frecuente que en español y, normalmente, aparece cuando no es importante quien realiza una acción sino el hecho en sí. Por eso, no siempre que veamos una pasiva, tenemos que traducirlo literalmente, puesto que en español suena más forzado. Sólo es posible el uso de la voz pasiva con verbos transitivos (verbos que llevan complemento directo).
VOZ ACTIVA Tom writes a letter Tom is writing a letter Tom was writing a letter Tom wrote a letter Tom has written a letter Tom had written a letter Tom will write a letter Tom is going to write a letter Tom can write a letter Tom could write a letter Tom must write a letter Tom may write a letter Tom might write a letter	VOZ PASIVA A letter is written by Tom A letter is being written by Tom A letter was being written by Tom A letter was written by Tom A letter has been written by Tom A letter had been written by Tom A letter will be written by Tom A letter is going to be written by Tom A letter can be written by Tom A letter could be written by Tom A letter must be written by Tom A letter may be written... A letter might be written...
2. El sujeto agente se expresa con by. Sin embargo, en la mayoría de las ocasiones se prescinde del sujeto ya que no nos interesa saber quién exactamente ejecuta la acción. Si una oración activa tiene complemento directo e indirecto, cualquiera de los dos complementos puede ser sujeto paciente de la pasiva: ACTIVE: Someone gives me a dog PASSIVE 1: A dog is given to me PASSIVE 2: I am given a dog (forma pasiva idiomática) La forma pasiva de doing, seeing, etc es being done, being seen, etc. ACTIVE: I don't like people telling me what to do PASSIVE: I don't like being told what to do En ocasiones en las que ocurre algo a veces imprevisto, no planeado o fortuito para la formación de la voz pasiva se prefiere usar get y no be: get hurt, get annoyed, get divorced, get married, get invited, get bored, get lost

3. Las construcciones impersonales (se dice, se comenta, etc.) son muy típicas de la pasiva y difíciles de traducir para los hispanoparlantes. Este tipo de construcción pasiva -utilizada cada vez con mayor frecuencia en los medios- se forma con la estructura sujeto + to be + participle: It is reported (Se informa); It is said (Se dice); It is known (Se sabe); It is supposed (Se supone); It is considered (Se considera); It is expected (Se espera). Veamos algunos ejemplos: ACTIVE: Everybody thinks Cathy works very hard. PASSIVE 1: Cathy is thought to work very hard. (Se piensa que Cathy...) PASSIVE 2: It is thought that Cathy works very hard. (Se piensa que Cathy...) ACTIVE: They believe Tom is wearing a white pullover. PASSIVE 1: Tom is believed to be wearing a white pullover. (Se cree que...) PASSIVE 2: It is believed that Tom is wearing a white pullover. (Se cree que...)

USOS ADICIONALES DE SUPPOSE a) Se usa en afirmativo para acciones que estaban planeadas, que se supone que van a realizar, u obligaciones que uno debería cumplir. You were supposed to be here at 9:00 am!! b) Otras veces, el uso de supposed indica que estos planes o obligaciones finalmente no se cumplieron: The train was supposed to arrive at 5 o'clock. (but it arrived at 8 o'clock) You were supposed to go to the supermarket. (but you didn't go) c) Por el contrario, en negativo, supposed significa la no conveniencia o prohibición de hacer algo: You are not supposed to smoke here. (you are not allowed to smoke here) You are not supposed to copy our web files. (you must not copy our web files)

As you can see, regular verbs add ed to make the past tense (work / worked) and irregular verbs change their form entirely (go / went). The most important verb to learn first in the past tense is "be."

Be - Past Tense

Singular	Plural
I was	We were
You were	You were
He was	They were
She was
It was
To make the negative, use "did" + "not" (didn't) + the main verb in the simple form:
Singular		Plural
I did not learn		We did not learn
You did not learn		You did not learn
He did not learn		They did not learn
She did not learn
It did not learn

Irregular Verb: Have

Subject + ________

(irregular verbs take many different forms in the past tense)

Singular	Plural
I had	We had
You had	You had
He had	They had
She had
It had

WH QUESTIONS 

Who ? - ¿Quién? ¿Quienes?
What ? - ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuáles?
When ? - ¿Cuándo?
Where ? - ¿Dónde? ¿Adónde?
Which ? - ¿Qué? ¿Cuál? ¿Cuáles?
Whose ? - ¿De quién? ¿De quiénes?
Why ? - ¿Por qué? ¿Para qué?
How ? - ¿Cómo? ¿Cuán?

can never be answered with yes/no

WHO: 

information about a person

example:

who is your  father 
who is  that  person whit  the hat?

who do you like best ?
tom or jerry?

WHAT:

information about a thing or something general

example:

what is in  your bag?
what did you do yesterday?
what are they doing?

WHEN:

information about the time something happens

example:
when is your brother's birthday?
when are you going to finish you work?
when are we going home?

WHERE:

information about a place

Example:
where are you?
where do you work?
where is the front door rey?

WHICH:

choice between a few possibilities

Example:
which book is better, the blue or the red one?
which shirt should i wear?
the pink one the purple one?

which: choice between options
what shirt should i wear?
-> what rind of shirt
what no specific options

WHOSE:

who the owner of something is

Example :
whose computer is this
whose car is that
whose bike is this ?
it is Peter's bike?

WHY:

the reason for something

Example :

why is he going home?
why do you want to be a singer?
why are you learning english?

HOW:

the way in which something is done
how+other word:
quality or quantity
how was your trip?
how re you?

Example:
 how do you get to london?